False confessions are not rare. The National Registrar of Exonerations has reported that of the 2,400 exonerees in their database, 292 (12 percent) had falsely confessed. The Innocence Project has helped exonerate 375 individuals incarcerated for murders and rapes through post-conviction DNA testing, of whom 28 percent falsely confessed. False confessions also are powerfully persuasive evidence of guilt. False confessions are potent even when the interrogation is coercive, the decision-makers are trial judges, the confessors are juveniles, the confessions are reported secondhand by a motivated informant, and the confessions are contradicted by DNA and other evidence (see, for review, Rizzelli